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Relevance to Autism

SLC35G1 was identified in an ASD candidate gene in Wang et al., 2023 based on reaching a false discovery rate (FDR) threshold of <0.1 following TADA analysis in both a discovery cohort of 1,141 Chinese ASD probands and a combined cohort consisting of the discovery cohort of Chinese ASD probands and 42,607 ASD probands originally published in Zhou et al., 2022. Wang et al., 2023 also demonstrated that mice harboring a heterozygous deletion of Slc35g1 exhibited defects in interactive social behaviors and increased marble-burying activity compared to wild-type mice. In total, four de novo coding variants in SLC35G1 (two loss-of-function variants and two missense variants) have been reported in ASD probands (Yuen et al., 2017; Zhou et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2023).

Molecular Function

This gene encodes a transmembrane protein which is a member of the drug/metabolite transporter protein superfamily. The encoded protein may play a role in the regulation of calcium levels inside the cell.

External Links

        

References

Type
Title
Type of Disorder
Associated Disorders
Author, Year
Support
Integrating de novo and inherited variants in 42
ASD
Support
Whole genome sequencing resource identifies 18 new candidate genes for autism spectrum disorder
ASD
Variant ID
Variant Type
Allele Change
Residue Change
Inheritance Pattern
Inheritance Association
Family Type
Author, Year
 GEN1406R001 
 splice_site_variant 
 c.360-1G>C 
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN1406R002 
 missense_variant 
 c.31G>C 
 p.Glu11Gln 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN1406R003 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.358_359del 
 p.Lys120AsnfsTer38 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN1406R004 
 missense_variant 
 c.931G>C 
 p.Ala311Pro 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN1406R005 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.71_83del 
 p.Pro24LeufsTer71 
 Familial 
 Paternal 
 Multiplex 
Chromosome
CNV Locus
CNV Type
# of studies
Animal Model
10
Duplication
 1
 
10
Duplication
 1
 
10
Deletion-Duplication
 15
 
10
Deletion
 1
 
10
Deletion
 1
 

Model Summary

Recent analysis has identified SLC35G1 as a new autism spectrum disorder (ASD) candidate gene. In line with this finding, the Slc35g1 knockout mouse model shows numerous deficits in social behavior. Heterozygous male mice exhibit significant decreases in social approach and social memory, with a significant decrease in preference for a novel mouse over a familiar mouse in the three-chamber social approach test. Additionally, the model shows a change in repetitive behaviors, with an increase in the number of marbles buried in the marble-burying test. The model shows no change in anxiety, general locomotor activity, or spatial learning, as demonstrated by results in the elevated plus maze test, the open field test, and the Barnes maze test, respectively.

References

Type
Title
Author, Year
Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Heterozygous
Mutation: An 8.5kb chromosomal deletion at the Slc35g1 locus in the C57BL/6N genome was achieved by designing two specific guide RNAs (sgRNAs). The two sequences targeting Slc35g1 were in exon 1 and exon 3, with a complete deletion of exon 2.
Allele Type: Knockout
Strain of Origin: C57BL/6N
Genetic Background: C57BL/6N
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source: Biocytogen
Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Repetitive digging1
Increased
 Marble-burying test
 8-12 weeks
Social approach1
Decreased
 Resident-intruder test
 8-12 weeks
Social approach1
Decreased
 Three-chamber social approach test
 8-12 weeks
Social memory1
Decreased
 Three-chamber social approach test
 8-12 weeks
Targeted expression1
Decreased
 Quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR)
 unreported
Anxiety1
 No change
 Open field test
 8-12 weeks
Anxiety1
 No change
 Elevated plus maze test
 8-12 weeks
Spatial learning1
 No change
 Barnes maze test
 8-12 weeks
General locomotor activity1
 No change
 Open field test
 8-12 weeks
Self grooming1
 No change
 General observations
 8-12 weeks
 Not Reported:

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