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Relevance to Autism

Immunohistochemical analyses of tissue arrays containing slices of the cerebellum and frontal cortex of autistic and age- and sex-matched control subjects revealed decreased expression of RORA in the autistic brain (Nguyen et al., 2010).

Molecular Function

A member of the nuclear hormone-receptor superfamily

External Links

        

References

Type
Title
Type of Disorder
Associated Disorders
Author, Year
Primary
Global methylation profiling of lymphoblastoid cell lines reveals epigenetic contributions to autism spectrum disorders and a novel autism candidat...
ASD
Positive Association
Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORA) variants are associated with autism spectrum disorder.
ASD
Support
Integrating de novo and inherited variants in 42
ASD
Support
Maternal diabetes-mediated RORA suppression contributes to gastrointestinal symptoms in autism-like mouse offspring
Support
Maternal diabetes-mediated RORA suppression in mice contributes to autism-like offspring through inhibition of aromatase
ASD
Support
Using medical exome sequencing to identify the causes of neurodevelopmental disorders: experience of two clinical units and 216 patients.
ID
Epilepsy, ataxia
Support
Synaptic, transcriptional and chromatin genes disrupted in autism.
ASD
Highly Cited
A functional genomics strategy reveals Rora as a component of the mammalian circadian clock.
Highly Cited
RORalpha coordinates reciprocal signaling in cerebellar development through sonic hedgehog and calcium-dependent pathways.
Highly Cited
Disruption of the nuclear hormone receptor RORalpha in staggerer mice.
Recent Recommendation
Sex hormones in autism: androgens and estrogens differentially and reciprocally regulate RORA, a novel candidate gene for autism.
Recent Recommendation
Characterization of the core mammalian clock component, NPAS2, as a REV-ERBalpha/RORalpha target gene.
Recent Recommendation
Dual Molecular Effects of Dominant RORA Mutations Cause Two Variants of Syndromic Intellectual Disability with Either Autism or Cerebellar Ataxia.
ID, epilepsy/seizures
ASD, cerebellar ataxia
Recent Recommendation
Induction of early Purkinje cell dendritic differentiation by thyroid hormone requires ROR.
Recent Recommendation
Overlapping microdeletions involving 15q22.2 narrow the critical region for intellectual disability to NARG2 and RORA.
ID
Epilepsy/seizures, autistic features
Recent Recommendation
Regulation of FGF21 expression and secretion by retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha.
Recent Recommendation
A direct molecular link between the autism candidate gene RORa and the schizophrenia candidate MIR137.
Recent Recommendation
RORalpha attenuates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling by PKCalpha-dependent phosphorylation in colon cancer.
Recent Recommendation
Mature Purkinje cells require the retinoic acid-related orphan receptor- (ROR) to maintain climbing fiber mono-innervation and other adult charac...
Recent Recommendation
The nuclear receptor ROR(alpha) exerts a bi-directional regulation of IL-6 in resting and reactive astrocytes.
Recent Recommendation
Genome-wide identification of transcriptional targets of RORA reveals direct regulation of multiple genes associated with autism spectrum disorder.

Rare

Variant ID
Variant Type
Allele Change
Residue Change
Inheritance Pattern
Inheritance Association
Family Type
Author, Year
 GEN219R001 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R002 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
  
 GEN219R003 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R004 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Paternal 
 Multi-generational 
 GEN219R005 
 missense_variant 
 c.1484G>A 
 p.Arg495Gln 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R006 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.1118del 
 p.Arg373ProfsTer17 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R007 
 missense_variant 
 c.269G>C 
 p.Cys90Ser 
 Unknown 
  
  
 GEN219R008 
 missense_variant 
 c.275G>C 
 p.Gly92Ala 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R009 
 missense_variant 
 c.281A>G 
 p.Lys94Arg 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R010 
 splice_site_variant 
 c.425-1G>A 
 p.Ala142_Leu273del 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R011 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.781_782del 
 p.Ile261GlnfsTer10 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R012 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.997del 
 p.Ile333LeufsTer11 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R013 
 missense_variant 
 c.1225A>C 
 p.Asn409His 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R014 
 missense_variant 
 c.1385G>A 
 p.Arg462Gln 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R015 
 stop_gained 
 c.1498C>T 
 p.Leu500= 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R016 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Multi-generational 
 GEN219R017 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R018 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R019 
 copy_number_gain 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R020 
 synonymous_variant 
 c.1248G>T 
 p.Gly416%3D 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R021 
 missense_variant 
 c.517C>G 
 p.Arg173Gly 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R022 
 missense_variant 
 c.137G>A 
 p.Ser46Asn 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN219R023 
 inframe_deletion 
 c.393_395del 
 p.Arg132del 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN219R024 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.100_103del 
 p.Ser34ProfsTer19 
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Multiplex (monozygotic twins) 
 GEN219R025 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN219R026 
 missense_variant 
 c.1396C>A 
 p.Arg466Ser 
 Unknown 
  
 Simplex 

Common

Variant ID
Polymorphism
SNP ID
Allele Change
Residue Change
Population Origin
Population Stage
Author, Year
 GEN219C001 
 intron_variant 
 rs4774388 
 c.166+54254G>A;c.-328+54254G>A 
  
 518 Iranian ASD patients and 472 age, gender, and ethnically-matched healthy controls 
 Discovery 
Chromosome
CNV Locus
CNV Type
# of studies
Animal Model
15
Duplication
 81
  construct
15
Duplication
 1
 
15
Deletion
 6
 
15
Deletion
 1
 
15
Deletion-Duplication
 11
 

Model Summary

Knockdown of roraa results in reduced size of the cerebellum which can be rescued by human RORA mRNA. Roraa knockout leads to reduction in molecular layer and granule cell layer thickness. The pathogenicity of the human RORA 4 missense variants is revealed by increased embryonic lethality in zebrafish.

References

Type
Title
Author, Year
Primary
Dual Molecular Effects of Dominant RORA Mutations Cause Two Variants of Syndromic Intellectual Disability with Either Autism or Cerebellar Ataxia.

Z_RORAA_1_KD_HM

Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Homozygous
Mutation: Embryos at 1- to 4-cell stage were injected with 2ng of splice blocking morpholino targeting the splice donor site of exon 2 (e2i2) of roraa.
Allele Type: Loss-of-function
Strain of Origin: ZDR (Aquatica BioTech)
Genetic Background:
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source:

Z_RORAA_2_KD_HM

Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Homozygous
Mutation: Embryos at 1- to 4-cell stage were injected with 3ng of splice blocking morpholino targeting the splice donor site of exon 2 (e2i2) of roraa.
Allele Type: Loss-of-function
Strain of Origin: ZDR (Aquatica BioTech)
Genetic Background:
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source:

Z_RORAA_3_KD_HM

Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Homozygous
Mutation: Embryos at 1- to 4-cell stage were injected with 4ng of splice blocking morpholino targeting the splice donor site of exon 2 (e2i2) of roraa.
Allele Type: Loss-of-function
Strain of Origin: ZDR (Aquatica BioTech)
Genetic Background:
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source:

Z_RORAA_4_KD_HM

Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Homozygous
Mutation: Embryos at 1- to 4-cell stage were injected with 6ng of splice blocking morpholino targeting the splice donor site of exon 2 (e3i3) of roraa.
Allele Type: Loss-of-function
Strain of Origin: ZDR (Aquatica BioTech)
Genetic Background:
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source:

Z_RORAA_5_KD_HM

Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Homozygous
Mutation: Embryos at 1- to 4-cell stage were injected with 7ng of splice blocking morpholino targeting the splice donor site of exon 2 (e3i3) of roraa.
Allele Type: Loss-of-function
Strain of Origin: ZDR (Aquatica BioTech)
Genetic Background:
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source:

Z_RORAA_6_KD_HM

Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Homozygous
Mutation: Embryos at 1- to 4-cell stage were injected with 8ng of splice blocking morpholino targeting the splice donor site of exon 2 (e3i3) of roraa.
Allele Type: Loss-of-function
Strain of Origin: ZDR (Aquatica BioTech)
Genetic Background:
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source:

Z_RORAA_7_KO_HM

Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Homozygous
Mutation: F0 mutant zebrafish were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 editing targeting exon 5 of roraa-201.
Allele Type: Loss-of-function
Strain of Origin: ZDR (Aquatica BioTech)
Genetic Background:
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source:

Z_RORAA_8_KO_HM

Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Homozygous
Mutation: F0 mutant zebrafish were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 editing targeting exon 8 of roraa-201.
Allele Type: Loss-of-function
Strain of Origin: ZDR (Aquatica BioTech)
Genetic Background:
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source:

Z_RORAA_1_KD_HM

Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Cerebellar morphology1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mophants showed a decrease in the area of cerebellum compared to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
 Not Reported: Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Communications, Developmental profile, Emotion, Immune response, Learning & memory, Maternal behavior, Molecular profile, Motor phenotype, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, Social behavior

Z_RORAA_2_KD_HM

Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Cerebellar morphology: molecular layer thickness1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish morphants showed a decrease in the Purkinje cell layer size compared to controls.
 Immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
Cerebellar morphology: granule cell layer thickness1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish morphants showed a decrease in the granule cell layer size compared to controls.
 Immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
Cerebellar morphology1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mophants showed a decrease in the area of cerebellum compared to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
Developmental trajectory1
 No change
 General observations
 3 dpf
Mortality/lethality: embryonic1
 No change
 General observations
 3 dpf
 Not Reported: Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Communications, Emotion, Immune response, Learning & memory, Maternal behavior, Molecular profile, Motor phenotype, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, Social behavior

Z_RORAA_3_KD_HM

Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Cerebellar morphology1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mophants showed a decrease in the area of cerebellum compared to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
 Not Reported: Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Communications, Developmental profile, Emotion, Immune response, Learning & memory, Maternal behavior, Molecular profile, Motor phenotype, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, Social behavior

Z_RORAA_4_KD_HM

Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Cerebellar morphology1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mophants showed a decrease in the area of cerebellum compared to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
 Not Reported: Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Communications, Developmental profile, Emotion, Immune response, Learning & memory, Maternal behavior, Molecular profile, Motor phenotype, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, Social behavior

Z_RORAA_5_KD_HM

Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Cerebellar morphology1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mophants showed a decrease in the area of cerebellum compared to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
 Not Reported: Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Communications, Developmental profile, Emotion, Immune response, Learning & memory, Maternal behavior, Molecular profile, Motor phenotype, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, Social behavior

Z_RORAA_6_KD_HM

Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Cerebellar morphology1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mophants showed a decrease in the area of cerebellum compared to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
 Not Reported: Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Communications, Developmental profile, Emotion, Immune response, Learning & memory, Maternal behavior, Molecular profile, Motor phenotype, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, Social behavior

Z_RORAA_7_KO_HM

Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Morphology of optic tectum1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mutants showed a decrease in the size of optic tectum to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
Cerebellar morphology1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mutants showed a decrease in the area of cerebellum compared to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
 Not Reported: Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Communications, Developmental profile, Emotion, Immune response, Learning & memory, Maternal behavior, Molecular profile, Motor phenotype, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, Social behavior

Z_RORAA_8_KO_HM

Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Morphology of optic tectum1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mutants showed a decrease in the size of optic tectum to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
Cerebellar morphology: molecular layer thickness1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mutants showed a decrease in the Purkinje cell layer size compared to controls.
 Immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
Cerebellar morphology: granule cell layer thickness1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mutants showed a decrease in the granule cell layer size compared to controls.
 Immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
Cerebellar morphology1
Decreased
Description: Zebrafish mutants showed a decrease in the area of cerebellum compared to controls.
 Whole-mount immunohistochemistry
 3 dpf
 Not Reported: Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Communications, Developmental profile, Emotion, Immune response, Learning & memory, Maternal behavior, Molecular profile, Motor phenotype, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, Social behavior

 

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