| Phenotypic Profile |
| Category |
Entity |
Quantity |
Experimental Paradigm |
Age at Testing |
| Motor phenotype |
General locomotor activity: ambulatory activity2 |
Increased
Description: Mutants show increase in total distance travelled compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
Open field test |
2-3 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants show increase in total distance travelled compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Motor phenotype |
General locomotor activity: ambulatory activity1 |
Increased
Description: Mutants mice travel a greater total distance compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
Partition test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants mice travel a greater total distance compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Motor phenotype |
Hyperactivity2 |
Increased
Description: Mutants were hyperactive compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
Home cage behavior |
2-3 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants were hyperactive compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Motor phenotype |
General locomotor activity: ambulatory activity1 |
Increased
Description: Mutants travel greater distances measured by total beam breaks during a 2-hr session in locomotor boxes compared to control.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
Novel cage test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants travel greater distances measured by total beam breaks during a 2-hr session in locomotor boxes compared to control.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Neuroanatomy / Ultrastructure / Cytoarchitecture |
Anatomical projections and connectivity2 |
Abnormal
Description: Mutants show a larger proportion of neurons in the mpfc phase-locking in the quiet state compared to controls. mutants show a lower proportion of neurons in the mpfc phase-locking during social interaction compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
In vivo local field potential (lfp) recordings |
2-3 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants show a larger proportion of neurons in the mpfc phase-locking in the quiet state compared to controls. mutants show a lower proportion of neurons in the mpfc phase-locking during social interaction compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Neurophysiology |
Action potential property: firing rate2 |
Abnormal
Description: Mutant neurons show higher firing rates during sniffing while another proportion show inhibition, compared to controls, indicating a tendency for decentralization and disruption in functional encoding through dysregulated discharges during social interaction.
Exp Paradigm: Firing rate changes in the quiet and social states were assessed by calculating the discrimination index.
|
In vivo local field potential (lfp) recordings |
2-3 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutant neurons show higher firing rates during sniffing while another proportion show inhibition, compared to controls, indicating a tendency for decentralization and disruption in functional encoding through dysregulated discharges during social interaction.
Exp Paradigm: Firing rate changes in the quiet and social states were assessed by calculating the discrimination index. |
|
|
| Neurophysiology |
Network excitability2 |
Abnormal
Description: Mutants showed reduced coupling between the low- gamma amplitude and the theta phase but displayed stronger and wider coupling between high gamma and theta rhythms, especially during social sniffing whereas local field potentials (lfps) from the wt mice showed modulation of both low-gamma and high-gamma amplitudes by the theta phase during social interaction with novel or familiar conspecific mice. mutants show weaker strength of modulation between low gamma and theta when exploring a new environment compared to controls. mutants show, decentralized gamma bursts within a single theta cycle during sniffing, indicating impairment of local coordinated network activity in the mpfc during social behaviors.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
In vivo local field potential (lfp) recordings |
2-3 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants showed reduced coupling between the low- gamma amplitude and the theta phase but displayed stronger and wider coupling between high gamma and theta rhythms, especially during social sniffing whereas local field potentials (lfps) from the wt mice showed modulation of both low-gamma and high-gamma amplitudes by the theta phase during social interaction with novel or familiar conspecific mice. mutants show weaker strength of modulation between low gamma and theta when exploring a new environment compared to controls. mutants show, decentralized gamma bursts within a single theta cycle during sniffing, indicating impairment of local coordinated network activity in the mpfc during social behaviors.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Neurophysiology |
Intrinsic bursting events or spikes2 |
Decreased
Description: Mutants show impaired intrinsic excitability of mpfc fast spiking interneurons in response to step-current injection compared to controls, suggesting that the reduced excitability of fs interneurons in the mpfc of the mutant mice is associated with the social novelty deficit.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
Whole-cell patch clamp |
2-3 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants show impaired intrinsic excitability of mpfc fast spiking interneurons in response to step-current injection compared to controls, suggesting that the reduced excitability of fs interneurons in the mpfc of the mutant mice is associated with the social novelty deficit.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Neurophysiology |
Electroencephalogram (eeg) signature2 |
Decreased
Description: During social sniffing mutants showed lower gamma band activity (3090 hz) than the wt mice.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
Electroencephalogram (eeg) |
2-3 months |
| |
|
Description: During social sniffing mutants showed lower gamma band activity (3090 hz) than the wt mice.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Neurophysiology |
Neuronal activation2 |
Decreased
Description: Mutants show decreased neuronal activation in the three-chamber test after social novelty compared to controls, measured by the number of c-fos expressing neurons. mutants show no change in neuronal activation in the three-chamber test after the sociability phase compared to controls, measured by the number of c-fos expressing neurons.
Exp Paradigm: Expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos was assessed in different brain regions of mice after each stage of the three-chamber test.
|
Immunohistochemistry |
2-3 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants show decreased neuronal activation in the three-chamber test after social novelty compared to controls, measured by the number of c-fos expressing neurons. mutants show no change in neuronal activation in the three-chamber test after the sociability phase compared to controls, measured by the number of c-fos expressing neurons.
Exp Paradigm: Expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos was assessed in different brain regions of mice after each stage of the three-chamber test. |
|
|
| Sensory |
Startle response: acoustic stimulus1 |
Decreased
Description: Mutant mice show less acoustic startle to high decibel tones, compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: Response to tones of increasing volume was measured.
|
Acoustic startle reflex test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutant mice show less acoustic startle to high decibel tones, compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: Response to tones of increasing volume was measured. |
|
|
| Social behavior |
Social memory2 |
Decreased
Description: Mutants show decreased preference for the unfamiliar mouse compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
Three-chamber social approach test |
2-3 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants show decreased preference for the unfamiliar mouse compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Social behavior |
Nest building behavior1 |
Increased
Description: Mutants built slightly wider nests of similar heights compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
Nest building assay |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants built slightly wider nests of similar heights compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Learning & memory |
Spatial reference memory1 |
Decreased
Description: Mutants show decreased preference for the target quadrant compared to controls, during the probe trial when the platform is removed on the 12th day after 11 days training. mutants show decreased preference for the target quadrant, 5 days after reversal training, compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA
|
Morris water maze test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| |
|
Description: Mutants show decreased preference for the target quadrant compared to controls, during the probe trial when the platform is removed on the 12th day after 11 days training. mutants show decreased preference for the target quadrant, 5 days after reversal training, compared to controls.
Exp Paradigm: NA |
|
|
| Molecular profile |
Protein binding3 |
Decreased
Description: reduced the NLGN3 pulldown efficiency by NRXN1β and PTPδA3Bâ?? to 40% and 20% of wild-type, respectively
|
Co-immunoprecipitation |
Adult |
| |
|
Description: reduced the NLGN3 pulldown efficiency by NRXN1β and PTPδA3Bâ?? to 40% and 20% of wild-type, respectively
|
|
|
| Molecular profile |
Signaling3 |
Abnormal
Description: lack of Shank2 and gephyrin on the PTPδA3Bâ?? beads in mutant cortical neurons; NRXN1β-induced accumulation of Shank2 and gephyrin was unaltered and significantly increased in Nlgn3R/C cortical neurons, respectively, suggesting that the Nlgn3 R/C mutation impairs the non-canonical pathway
|
Immunostaining |
Adult |
| |
|
Description: lack of Shank2 and gephyrin on the PTPδA3Bâ?? beads in mutant cortical neurons; NRXN1β-induced accumulation of Shank2 and gephyrin was unaltered and significantly increased in Nlgn3R/C cortical neurons, respectively, suggesting that the Nlgn3 R/C mutation impairs the non-canonical pathway
|
|
|
| Emotion |
Anxiety1 |
No change |
Open field test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Emotion |
Anxiety1 |
No change |
Elevated plus maze test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Emotion |
Anxiety2 |
No change |
Open field test |
2-3 months |
| Emotion |
Anxiety1 |
No change |
Light-dark exploration test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Emotion |
Exploratory activity: habituation1 |
No change |
Olfactory discrimination test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Emotion |
Thigmotaxis1 |
No change |
Open field test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Emotion |
Thigmotaxis1 |
No change |
Morris water maze test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Learning & memory |
Cognitive flexibility1 |
No change |
Morris water maze test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Learning & memory |
Cued or contextual fear conditioning: memory of context1 |
No change |
Fear conditioning test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Learning & memory |
Cued or contextual fear conditioning: memory of cue1 |
No change |
Fear conditioning test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Learning & memory |
Object recognition memory2 |
No change |
Novel object recognition test |
2-3 months |
| Learning & memory |
Spatial working memory2 |
No change |
Morris water maze test |
2-3 months |
| Learning & memory |
Spatial working memory1 |
No change |
Morris water maze test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Learning & memory |
Spatial working memory2 |
No change |
Y-maze test |
2-3 months |
| Motor phenotype |
General locomotor activity: ambulatory activity1 |
No change |
Open field test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Motor phenotype |
Motor learning1 |
No change |
Accelerating rotarod test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Motor phenotype |
Swimming ability1 |
No change |
Morris water maze test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Neurophysiology |
Intrinsic bursting events or spikes2 |
No change |
Whole-cell patch clamp |
2-3 months |
| Sensory |
Olfaction1 |
No change |
Olfactory discrimination test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Sensory |
Olfaction1 |
No change |
Buried food test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Sensory |
Sensorimotor gating1 |
No change |
Prepulse inhibition |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Social behavior |
Social approach2 |
No change |
Three-chamber social approach test |
2-3 months |
| Social behavior |
Social interaction1 |
No change |
Partition test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
| Social behavior |
Social interaction: with juveniles1 |
No change |
Three-chamber social approach test |
2.3 to 6.6 months |
|
| Not Reported: |
Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Communications, Developmental profile, Immune response, Maternal behavior, Molecular profile, Neuroanatomy / ultrastructure / cytoarchitecture, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, |
