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Relevance to Autism

Rare variants and deletions have been identified in AUTS2 in individuals with ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in multiple studies. While initial studies were performed without rigorous comparison with controls, Beunders et al., 2013 demonstrated a statistical enrichment of exonic AUTS2 deletions in NDD cases compared to controls (24/49,684 cases vs. 0/16,784 controls; P=0.00092). In addition to ASD, there is genetic evidence implicating it in developmental delay/intellectual disability, epilepsy and ADHD. Knockdown of AUTS2 in zebrafish resulted in smaller head size, neuronal reduction, and decreased mobility (Oksenberg et al., 2013), while knockdown in mice led to impaired cortical neuronal migration and neuritogenesis (Hori et al., 2014). A two-stage analysis of rare de novo and inherited coding variants in 42,607 ASD cases, including 35,130 new cases from the SPARK cohort, in Zhou et al., 2022 identified AUTS2 as a gene reaching exome-wide significance (P < 2.5E-06); association of AUTS2 with ASD risk in this analysis was found to be driven both by de novo variants (in particular, de novo loss-of-function variants in six ASD probands from the SPARK cohort) and rare inherited loss-of-function variants transmitted from unaffected parents to affected offspring.

Molecular Function

Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development.In the cytoplasm, plays a role in axon and dendrite elongation and in neuronal migration during embryonic brain development. Promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, lamellipodia formation and neurite elongation via its interaction with RAC guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which then leads to the activation of RAC1.

External Links

        

References

Type
Title
Type of Disorder
Associated Disorders
Author, Year
Primary
Identification of a novel gene on chromosome 7q11.2 interrupted by a translocation breakpoint in a pair of autistic twins.
ASD
Positive Association
Meta-analysis of GWAS of over 16,000 individuals with autism spectrum disorder highlights a novel locus at 10q24.32 and a significant overlap with ...
ASD
Positive Association
Irritability
Support
A single center experience with publicly funded clinical exome sequencing for neurodevelopmental disorders or multiple congenital anomalies
ASD, DD, ID
Support
Whole genome paired-end sequencing elucidates functional and phenotypic consequences of balanced chromosomal rearrangement in patients with develop...
ID
Microcephaly
Support
Whole-genome sequencing identifies novel genes for autism in Chinese trios
ASD
Support
A discovery resource of rare copy number variations in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
ASD
Support
Cerebral organoids containing an AUTS2 missense variant model microcephaly
ID, epilepsy/seizures
Support
Next-Generation Sequencing in Korean Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Comorbid Epilepsy
ASD
Support
De novo mutations in schizophrenia implicate chromatin remodeling and support a genetic overlap with autism and intellectual disability.
SCZ
Support
ASD
DD, ID
Support
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity and Autism Spectrum Disorders as the Core Symptoms of AUTS2 Syndrome: Description of Five New Patients and Update of the Frequency of Manifestations and Genotype-Phenot
ASD or autistic features, ADHD, DD, ID
Support
Genomic diagnosis for children with intellectual disability and/or developmental delay.
ID
Speech delay, developmental regression
Support
Next-generation phenotyping integrated in a national framework for patients with ultrarare disorders improves genetic diagnostics and yields new molecular findings
ASD, DD, ID, epilepsy/seizures
Support
Sequencing chromosomal abnormalities reveals neurodevelopmental loci that confer risk across diagnostic boundaries.
ASD
Support
Genetic investigation of syndromic forms of obesity
DD
Support
Rare genetic susceptibility variants assessment in autism spectrum disorder: detection rate and practical use.
ASD
Support
Massively parallel sequencing of patients with intellectual disability, congenital anomalies and/or autism spectrum disorders with a targeted gene ...
DD, ID, ASD
MCA
Support
High Behavioral Variability Mediated by Altered Neuronal Excitability in auts2 Mutant Zebrafish
Support
Next-generation DNA sequencing identifies novel gene variants and pathways involved in specific language impairment.
Specific language impairment
Support
Auts2 enhances neurogenesis and promotes expansion of the cerebral cortex
Support
Identification of a functional rare variant in autism using genome-wide screen for monoallelic expression.
ASD
Support
Auts2 deletion involves in DG hypoplasia and social recognition deficit: The developmental and neural circuit mechanisms
Support
A case of autism spectrum disorder with cleft lip and palate carrying a mutation in exon 8 of AUTS2.
ASD, DD
Support
Identification of risk genes for autism spectrum disorder through copy number variation analysis in Austrian families.
ASD
Support
Erotomania and phenotypic continuum in a family frameshift variant of AUTS2: a case report and review
ASD, DD, ID
Support
The genomic landscape of balanced cytogenetic abnormalities associated with human congenital anomalies.
ASD, DD
Support
The impact of inversions across 33,924 families with rare disease from a national genome sequencing project
DD, ID, epilepsy/seizures
Support
A de novo balanced translocation breakpoint truncating the autism susceptibility candidate 2 (AUTS2) gene in a patient with autism.
ASD
Support
Mutational Landscape of Autism Spectrum Disorder Brain Tissue
ASD
Support
Exome sequencing of 457 autism families recruited online provides evidence for autism risk genes
ASD
Support
Genomic insights from a deeply phenotyped highly consanguineous neurodevelopmental disorders cohort
ASD, DD
ADHD
Support
De novo single exon deletion of AUTS2 in a patient with speech and language disorder: a review of disrupted AUTS2 and further evidence for its role...
DD
Support
De novo variants in neurodevelopmental disorders-experiences from a tertiary care center
DD, ID
Support
A detailed clinical analysis of 13 patients with AUTS2 syndrome further delineates the phenotypic spectrum and underscores the behavioural phenotype.
Support
The utility of exome sequencing in diagnosing pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders in a highly consanguineous population
ADHD, DD, epilepsy/seizures
Stereotypy
Support
Autism and ultraconserved non-coding sequence on chromosome 7q.
ASD
Support
Analysis of recent shared ancestry in a familial cohort identifies coding and noncoding autism spectrum disorder variants
ASD
Support
Comprehensive Analysis of Rare Variants of 101 Autism-Linked Genes in a Hungarian Cohort of Autism Spectrum Disorder Patients.
ASD
ID, epilepsy/seizures
Support
AUTS2 variant in a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability disorder, a case report
ASD, DD, ID, epilepsy/seizures
Support
De novo intragenic deletion of the autism susceptibility candidate 2 (AUTS2) gene in a patient with developmental delay: a case report and literatu...
DD
ID
Support
AUTS2 Controls Neuronal Lineage Choice Through a Novel PRC1-Independent Complex and BMP Inhibition
Support
Whole Exome Sequencing Reveals a Novel AUTS2 In-Frame Deletion in a Boy with Global Developmental Delay, Absent Speech, Dysmorphic Features, and Cerebral Anomalies
Support
De novo exon 1 deletion of AUTS2 gene in a patient with autism spectrum disorder and developmental delay: a case report and a brief literature review.
ASD, DD
Support
Genetic and phenotypic landscape of pediatric-onset epilepsy in 142 Indian families: Counseling and therapeutic implications
Epilepsy/seizures
DD, ID
Support
Genetic Testing in Patients with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Experience of 511 Patients at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
DD
Support
Lessons Learned from Large-Scale, First-Tier Clinical Exome Sequencing in a Highly Consanguineous Population.
ASD, DD, ID, ADHD
Support
AUTS2 disruption causes neuronal differentiation defects in human cerebral organoids through hyperactivation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway
Autosomal dominant intellectual developmental diso
Support
Global increases in both common and rare copy number load associated with autism.
ASD
Support
auts2 Features and Expression Are Highly Conserved during Evolution Despite Different Evolutionary Fates Following Whole Genome Duplication
Support
AUTS2 Regulation of Synapses for Proper Synaptic Inputs and Social Communication
ASD
Support
Large-scale discovery of novel genetic causes of developmental disorders.
DD
Support
Isolated loss of the AUTS2 long isoform, brain-wide or targeted to Calbindin-lineage cells, generates a specific suite of brain, behavioral, and molecular pathologies
Autosomal dominant intellectual developmental diso
Highly Cited
Mutations in autism susceptibility candidate 2 (AUTS2) in patients with mental retardation.
ID
Recent Recommendation
Function and regulation of AUTS2, a gene implicated in autism and human evolution.
Recent Recommendation
Genetic utility of broadly defined bipolar schizoaffective disorder as a diagnostic concept.
Recent Recommendation
Exonic deletions in AUTS2 cause a syndromic form of intellectual disability and suggest a critical role for the C terminus.
ID
ASD
Recent Recommendation
Integrating de novo and inherited variants in 42
ASD
Recent Recommendation
Rare structural variants found in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder are preferentially associated with neurodevelopmental genes.
ADHD
Recent Recommendation
Detection of copy-number variation in AUTS2 gene by targeted exonic array CGH in patients with developmental delay and autistic spectrum disorders.
ASD, DD, ID
Recent Recommendation
AUTS2 isoforms control neuronal differentiation.
Recent Recommendation
Genome-wide association and genetic functional studies identify autism susceptibility candidate 2 gene (AUTS2) in the regulation of alcohol consump...
Recent Recommendation
An AUTS2-Polycomb complex activates gene expression in the CNS.
Recent Recommendation
Tbr1 regulates regional and laminar identity of postmitotic neurons in developing neocortex.
Recent Recommendation
Two male adults with pathogenic AUTS2 variants, including a two-base pair deletion, further delineate the AUTS2 syndrome.
ASD
DD, ID
Recent Recommendation
Genome-wide copy number variation in epilepsy: novel susceptibility loci in idiopathic generalized and focal epilepsies.
Epilepsy
Recent Recommendation
Genome-wide distribution of Auts2 binding localizes with active neurodevelopmental genes.
Recent Recommendation
Autism susceptibility candidate 2 (Auts2) encodes a nuclear protein expressed in developing brain regions implicated in autism neuropathology.
Variant ID
Variant Type
Allele Change
Residue Change
Inheritance Pattern
Inheritance Association
Family Type
Author, Year
 GEN022R001 
 gene_variant 
 c.47A>G 
  
  
  
  
 GEN022R002 
 gene_variant 
 c.7C>T 
  
  
  
  
 GEN022R003 
 gene_variant 
 c.61T>G 
  
  
  
  
 GEN022R004 
 translocation 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R005 
 translocation 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R006 
 translocation 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R007 
 copy_number_gain 
  
  
  
  
  
 GEN022R008 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
  
  
  
 GEN022R009 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
  
  
  
 GEN022R010 
 translocation 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R011 
 copy_number_gain 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
  
 GEN022R012 
 missense_variant 
 c.3682G>T 
 p.Gly1228Trp 
  
  
  
 GEN022R013 
 synonymous_variant 
 A>G 
 p.(=) 
  
  
  
 GEN022R014 
 inversion 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R015 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R016 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
 Not maternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R017 
 copy_number_gain 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Simplex 
 GEN022R018 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R019 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Paternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R020 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R021 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R022 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Simplex 
 GEN022R023 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R024 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Multiplex 
 GEN022R025 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R026 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R027 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
 Not paternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R028 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R029 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R030 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R031 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
 Not maternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R032 
 inversion 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R033 
 translocation 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R034 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R035 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R036 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R037 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R038 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R039 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Paternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R040 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R041 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R042 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R043 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R044 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R045 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R046 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R047 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R048 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R049 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R050 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R051 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R052 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R053 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R054 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R055 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Paternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R056 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R057 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R058 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R059 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Unknown 
 GEN022R060 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R061 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R062 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R063 
 missense_variant 
 c.778G>A 
 p.Asp260Asn 
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Multiplex 
 GEN022R064 
 copy_number_gain 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
  
 GEN022R065 
 stop_gained 
 c.454C>T 
 p.Arg152Ter 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R066 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.857_858del 
 p.Lys286ArgfsTer5 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R067 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R068 
 stop_gained 
 c.976C>T 
 p.Gln326Ter 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R069 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R070 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Simplex 
 GEN022R071 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Simplex 
 GEN022R072 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R073 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R074 
 stop_gained 
 c.976C>T 
 p.Gln326Ter 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R075 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R076 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R077 
 inversion 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R078 
 inversion 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
  
 GEN022R079 
 missense_variant 
 c.349C>T 
 p.Arg117Cys 
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Multiplex 
 GEN022R080 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.1486dup 
 p.Gln496ProfsTer14 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R081 
 translocation 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R082 
 missense_variant 
 c.2368_2369delinsAT 
 p.Glu790Met 
 Unknown 
 Not maternal 
  
 GEN022R083 
 missense_variant 
 c.2479C>G 
 p.His827Asp 
 Unknown 
  
 Unknown 
 GEN022R084 
 splice_site_variant 
 c.309+2T>C 
  
 Familial 
 Paternal 
  
 GEN022R085 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.1464_1467del 
 p.Tyr488Ter 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R086 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.983_984del 
 p.Thr328ArgfsTer19 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R087 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.2890del 
 p.Glu964LysfsTer37 
 Unknown 
  
  
 GEN022R088 
 inframe_deletion 
 c.1603_1626del 
 p.His535_Thr542del 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R089 
 missense_variant 
 c.1604A>C 
 p.His535Pro 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R090 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.1769dup 
 p.Met593TyrfsTer85 
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Extended multiplex 
 GEN022R091 
 copy_number_gain 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R092 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R093 
 stop_gained 
 c.927_928delinsAT 
 p.Gln310Ter 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R094 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.1298del 
 p.Leu433ProfsTer40 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R095 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.2183del 
 p.Pro728LeufsTer14 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R096 
 missense_variant 
 c.1611C>A 
 p.His537Gln 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R097 
 copy_number_loss 
  
  
 Unknown 
  
  
 GEN022R098a 
 intron_variant 
 c.691-17364G>A 
  
 Familial 
 Both parents 
 Simplex 
 GEN022R099 
 synonymous_variant 
 c.3291G>A 
 p.Arg1097%3D 
 Unknown 
  
  
 GEN022R100 
 copy_number_gain 
  
  
 Familial 
 Paternal 
 Simplex 
 GEN022R101 
 missense_variant 
 c.1600A>C 
 p.Thr534Pro 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R102 
 missense_variant 
 c.2887G>A 
 p.Glu963Lys 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R103 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.188del 
 p.Pro63ArgfsTer31 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R104 
 stop_gained 
 c.1483C>T 
 p.Arg495Ter 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R105 
 stop_gained 
 c.1946G>A 
 p.Trp649Ter 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R106 
 missense_variant 
 c.3736G>A 
 p.Glu1246Lys 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R107 
 splice_site_variant 
 c.1468+2T>A 
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R108 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.1642dup 
 p.His548ProfsTer18 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R109 
 stop_gained 
 c.2392C>T 
 p.Arg798Ter 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R110 
 inframe_deletion 
 c.3437_3457del 
 p.Gly1146_Arg1152del 
 Familial 
 Paternal 
  
 GEN022R111 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.922del 
 p.Gln308SerfsTer30 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R112 
 missense_variant 
 c.1531G>A 
 p.Gly511Arg 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R113 
 missense_variant 
 c.383C>G 
 p.Ala128Gly 
 Familial 
 Maternal 
 Simplex 
 GEN022R114 
 splice_site_variant 
 c.742_742+3del 
  
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R115 
 missense_variant 
 c.2830G>C 
 p.Val944Leu 
 Unknown 
  
  
 GEN022R116 
 inversion 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R117 
 inversion 
  
  
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R118 
 synonymous_variant 
 c.3528C>T 
 p.Asp1176= 
 De novo 
  
 Simplex 
 GEN022R119 
 stop_gained 
 c.410del 
 p.Ser137Ter 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R120 
 frameshift_variant 
 c.1547dup 
 p.Pro517SerfsTer49 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R121 
 splice_site_variant 
 c.742_742+3del 
 p.? 
 De novo 
  
  
 GEN022R122 
 missense_variant 
 c.1204A>C 
 p.Asn402His 
 Unknown 
  
  
 GEN022R123 
 missense_variant 
 c.2812C>T 
 p.Arg938Trp 
 Unknown 
  
  
Chromosome
CNV Locus
CNV Type
# of studies
Animal Model
7
Deletion
 2
 
7
Deletion-Duplication
 3
 
7
Deletion
 1
 
7
Deletion-Duplication
 42
 
7
Duplication
 9
 
7
Deletion
 3
 

Model Summary

The conditional knock out ( both homozygous and heterozygous) mice, with Auts2 knocked out only in the brain, show reduced growth and size compared to wild type littermate controls and also display other anomalies during early development like, reduced instances of ultrasonic vocalizations and poor righting reflex.

References

Type
Title
Author, Year
Primary
An AUTS2-Polycomb complex activates gene expression in the CNS.
Additional
Cytoskeletal regulation by AUTS2 in neuronal migration and neuritogenesis.
Additional
AUTS2 Regulation of Synapses for Proper Synaptic Inputs and Social Communication
Additional
AUTS2 Governs Cerebellar Development, Purkinje Cell Maturation, Motor Function and Social Communication
Model Type: Genetic
Model Genotype: Homozygous
Mutation: Conditional deletion of exon 7 of the Auts2 using Nestin-Cre, in neuronal, glial and other cell types in the central and peripheral nervous system
Allele Type: Conditional loss-of-function
Strain of Origin:
Genetic Background: C57Bl/6
ES Cell Line:
Mutant ES Cell Line:
Model Source:
Category
Entity
Quantity
Experimental Paradigm
Age at Testing
Righting response1
Decreased
 Righting reflex test
 P3-p9
Negative geotaxis1
Decreased
 Negative geotaxis test
 P3-p9
Ultrasonic vocalization1
Decreased
 Monitoring ultrasonic vocalizations
 P3-p9
Size/growth1
Decreased
 Body weight measurement
 P3-p9
Gene expression1
Decreased
 Quantitative pcr (qrt-pcr)
 P1
 Not Reported: Circadian sleep/wake cycle, Emotion, Immune response, Learning & memory, Maternal behavior, Neuroanatomy / ultrastructure / cytoarchitecture, Neurophysiology, Physiological parameters, Repetitive behavior, Seizure, Sensory, Social behavior


Interactor Symbol Interactor Name Interactor Organism Entrez ID Uniprot ID Interaction Type Evidence Reference
Acad9 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family, member 9 28976 Q9H845 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Acvrl1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor R3 94 P37023 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Adnp activity-dependent neuroprotector homeobox 23394 Q9H2P0 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Aldh18a1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 18 family, member A1 5832 P54886 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ap3b1 adaptor-related protein complex 3, beta 1 subunit 8546 E5RJ68 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ass1 Argininosuccinate synthase 445 P00966 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Astn2 astrotactin 2 56079 Q80Z10 ChIP-Seq
Oksenberg N , et al. 2014
Atp2b2 ATPase, Ca++ transporting, plasma membrane 2 11941 Q9R0K7 ChIP-Seq
Oksenberg N , et al. 2014
Atpaf2 ATP synthase mitochondrial F1 complex assembly factor 2 NM_145691 Q8N5M1 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Auts2 autism susceptibility candidate 2 319974 Q6PED7 ChIP-Seq
Oksenberg N , et al. 2014
B3galtl beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase-like 145173 Q6Y288 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Bckdhb branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1, beta polypeptide 594 P21953 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Blm Bloom syndrome, RecQ helicase-like 641 P54132 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Casr calcium-sensing receptor 846 P41180 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ccbe1 Collagen and calcium-binding EGF domain-containing protein 1 147372 Q6UXH8 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
CHD8 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 8 57680 Q9HCK8 CHIP-seq
Cotney J , et al. 2015
Chmp2b charged multivesicular body protein 2B 25978 B2RE76 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Cln8 ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 8 (epilepsy, progressive with mental retardation) 2055 Q9UBY8 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Cntn4 contactin 4 269784 Q69Z26 ChIP-Seq
Oksenberg N , et al. 2014
Cntnap2 forkhead box P2 114142 P58463 ChIP-Seq
Oksenberg N , et al. 2014
CSNK2A2 casein kinase 2, alpha prime polypeptide 1459 P19784 TAP; MS; ChIP-Seq; IP/WB; Luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR
Gao Z , et al. 2014
CSNK2A2 casein kinase 2, alpha prime polypeptide 1459 P19784 IP; LC-MS/MS
Huttlin EL , et al. 2015
Ctsd cathepsin D 1509 P07339 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
D2hgdh D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase 728294 Q8N465 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
DCAF7 DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 7 10238 P61962 IP; LC-MS/MS
Huttlin EL , et al. 2015
Dguok deoxyguanosine kinase 1716 E5KSL5 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Dhcr24 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase 1718 Q15392 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Dhcr7 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase 1717 Q9UBM7 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Dlat dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase 1737 P10515 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Dld dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase 1738 P09622 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Dolk dolichol kinase 22845 Q9UPQ8 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Dpm1 dolichyl-phosphate mannosyltransferase polypeptide 1, catalytic subunit 8813 O60762 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Dync2h1 dynein, cytoplasmic 2, heavy chain 1 79659 Q8NCM8 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Efnb1 ephrin-B1 1947 P98172 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ehmt1 euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 1 79813 Q9H9B1 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Eif2ak3 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 9451 B3KY45 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Eif2b3 Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit gamma 8891 Q9NR50 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Eif2b5 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, subunit 5 epsilon, 82kDa 8893 Q13144 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ercc2 excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 2 2068 P18074 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ercc6 excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 6 2074 Q03468 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Esco2 establishment of cohesion 1 homolog 2 (S. cerevisiae) 157570 Q56NI9 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Etfb Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta 2109 P38117 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Etfdh electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase 2110 Q16134 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Fam20c family with sequence similarity 20, member C 56975 Q8IXL6 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Fgfr3 fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 2261 P22607 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Fh1 FH1/FH2 domain-containing protein 1 29109 Q9Y613 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Fktn fukutin 2218 O75072 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
FMR1 fragile X mental retardation 1 14265 P35922 HITS-CLIP
Darnell JC , et al. 2011
Foxp2 forkhead box P2 114142 P58463 ChIP-Seq
Oksenberg N , et al. 2014
Frem2 FRAS1 related extracellular matrix protein 2 341640 Q5SZK8 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ftl1 Ferritin light chain 2512 P02792 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Gli2 GLI family zinc finger 2 2736 P10070 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Gpr56 G protein-coupled receptor 56 9289 B3KQN7 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Hibch 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase NM_014362 Q6NVY1 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Hspd1 heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) 3329 P10809 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Hyls1 Hydrolethalus syndrome protein 1 219844 Q96M11 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Igf1r insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor 3480 P08069 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Inpp5e inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase, 72 kDa 56623 Q9NRR6 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Kdm5c lysine (K)-specific demethylase 5C NM_001146702 P41229 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Kras v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog 3845 P01116 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Large Glycosyltransferase-like protein LARGE1 9215 O95461 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Map2k2 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 5605 P36507 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Mapk10 mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 5602 P53779 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Mapt microtubule-associated protein tau 4137 P10636 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Mcoln1 mucolipin 1 57192 Q9GZU1 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Mcph1 microcephalin 1 79648 Q8NEM0 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Mks1 Meckel syndrome type 1 protein 54903 Q9NXB0 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Mmadhc methylmalonic aciduria (cobalamin deficiency) cblD type, with homocystinuria 27249 Q9H3L0 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Mocs2 molybdenum cofactor synthesis 2 4338 O96007 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Mrps16 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S16 51021 Q9Y3D3 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Mycn v-myc myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene, neuroblastoma derived (avian) 4613 P04198 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ndufaf3 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex I, assembly factor 3 25915 Q9BU61 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ndufaf4 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex I, assembly factor 4 29078 Q9P032 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ndufs6 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 6, 13kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) 4726 O75380 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ndufv1 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein 1, 51kDa 4723 P49821 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Nrxn1 neurexin 1 18189 Q9CS84 ChIP-Seq; Zebrafish reporter transgenic studies
Oksenberg N , et al. 2014
Nsd1 nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1 64324 Q96L73 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Nsdhl NAD(P) dependent steroid dehydrogenase-like 50814 Q15738 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
P300 Histone acetyltransferase p300 2033 Q09472 TAP; MS; ChIP-Seq; IP/WB; Luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pafah1b1 platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b, regulatory subunit 1 (45kDa) 5048 P43034 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pank2 pantothenate kinase 2 80025 Q9BZ23 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pccb propionyl CoA carboxylase, beta polypeptide 5096 P05166 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
PCGF3 polycomb group ring finger 3 10336 Q3KNV8 TAP; MS; ChIP-Seq; IP/WB; Luciferase reporter assay
Gao Z , et al. 2012
PCGF5 polycomb group ring finger 5 84333 Q86SE9 TAP; MS; ChIP-Seq; IP/WB; Luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR
Gao Z , et al. 2014
PCGF5 polycomb group ring finger 5 84333 Q86SE9 IP; LC-MS/MS
Huttlin EL , et al. 2015
PCGF6 polycomb group ring finger 6 84108 Q9BYE7 IP; LC-MS/MS
Huttlin EL , et al. 2015
Pcnt pericentrin 5116 O95613 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pex1 peroxisomal biogenesis factor 1 5189 O43933 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pex10 peroxisomal biogenesis factor 10 NM_153818 A0A024R068 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pex13 peroxisomal biogenesis factor 13 5194 Q92968 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pex14 peroxisomal biogenesis factor 14 5195 O75381 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pex19 peroxisomal biogenesis factor 19 5824 P40855 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pla2g6 85/88 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2 8398 O60733 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pomt1 protein-O-mannosyltransferase 1 10585 Q9Y6A1 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ppp2r2b protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, beta 5521 Q00005 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Prps1l3 Ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase 3 221823 P21108 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Psap prosaposin 5660 P07602 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Psat1 phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 29968 Q9Y617 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pten phosphatase and tensin homolog 5728 F6KD01 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Pts 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydrobiopterin synthase 5805 Q03393 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Rab23 RAB23, member RAS oncogene family 51715 Q9ULC3 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Rab3gap2 RAB3 GTPase activating protein subunit 2 (non-catalytic) 25782 Q9H2M9 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Rbfox1 RNA binding protein, fox-1 homolog (C. elegans) 1 268859 Q9JJ43 HITS-CLIP; ChIP-Seq
Weyn-Vanhentenryck SM , et al. 2014
Recql4 ATP-dependent DNA helicase Q4 9401 O94761 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Reln reelin 19699 Q60841 ChIP-Seq
Oksenberg N , et al. 2014
RNF2 ring finger protein 2 6045 Q99496 TAP; MS; ChIP-Seq; IP/WB; Luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Rpia ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A 22934 P49247 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
RYBP RING1 and YY1 binding protein 23429 Q8N488 TAP; MS; ChIP-Seq; IP/WB; Luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR
Gao Z , et al. 2014
RYBP RING1 and YY1 binding protein 23429 Q8N488 IP; LC-MS/MS
Huttlin EL , et al. 2015
Sall1 sal-like 1 (Drosophila) 6299 Q9NSC2 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Sdha succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein (Fp) 6389 P31040 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Sdhaf1 succinate dehydrogenase complex assembly factor 1 644096 A6NFY7 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Shh Sonic hedgehog protein 6469 Q15465 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Six3 SIX homeobox 3 NM_005413 O95343 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Slc17a5 solute carrier family 17 (anion/sugar transporter), member 5 26503 Q9NRA2 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Slc35c1 solute carrier family 35 (GDP-fucose transporter), member C1 55343 Q96A29 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Slc9a6 solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 6 10479 Q92581 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Smad4 SMAD family member 4 4089 Q13485 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Snap29 synaptosomal-associated protein, 29kDa 9342 O95721 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Spg11 spastic paraplegia 11 (autosomal recessive) 80208 Q96JI7 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Spg7 spastic paraplegia 7 (pure and complicated autosomal recessive) 6687 Q9UQ90 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Spr sepiapterin reductase (7,8-dihydrobiopterin:NADP+ oxidoreductase) 6697 P35270 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Stxbp1 Syntaxin-binding protein 1 6812 P61764 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Sucla2 succinate-CoA ligase, ADP-forming, beta subunit 8803 E5KS60 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tbce Tubulin-specific chaperone E 6905 Q15813 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tbr1 T-box brain gene 1 21375 Q64336 Gene microarray
Bedogni F , et al. 2010
Tcf4 transcription factor 4 6925 B3KVA4 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Thrb thyroid hormone receptor, beta 7068 F1D8N7 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tinf2 TERF1-interacting nuclear factor 2 26277 Q9BSI4 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tsc2 tuberous sclerosis 2 7249 P49815 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tsen54 tRNA splicing endonuclease 54 homolog (S. cerevisiae) 283989 Q7Z6J9 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tuba1b tubulin, alpha 1b 10376 P68363 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tubb2a tubulin, beta 2A class IIa 7280 Q13885 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tubb2b tubulin, beta 2B class IIb 347733 Q9BVA1 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tubb3 tubulin, beta 3 class III 10381 A8K854 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Tymp Thymidine phosphorylase 1890 P19971 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Ube3a ubiquitin protein ligase E3A 7337 Q05086 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Upb1 Beta-ureidopropionase 51733 Q9UBR1 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Vangl1 VANGL planar cell polarity protein 1 81839 Q8TAA9 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Vps13a vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog A (S. cerevisiae) 23230 Q96RL7 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
Wfs1 Wolfram syndrome 1 (wolframin) 7466 O76024 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014
YAF2 YY1 associated factor 2 10138 Q8IY57 IP; LC-MS/MS
Huttlin EL , et al. 2015
Zbtb16 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 16 7704 Q05516 ChIP-Seq
Gao Z , et al. 2014

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