4q34.1CNV Type: Deletion-Duplication
Largest CNV size: 1629441 bp
Statistics Box:
Number of Reports: 10
Number of Reports: 10
Summary Information
Summary statement in development
Additional Locus Information
References
Major Reports
Title
Author, Year
Report Class
CNV Type
Structural variation of chromosomes in autism spectrum disorder.
Duplication
Functional impact of global rare copy number variation in autism spectrum disorders.
Deletion
An evidence-based approach to establish the functional and clinical significance of copy number variants in intellectual and developmental disabili...
Deletion
Minor Reports
Title
Author, Year
Report Class
CNV Type
Rare structural variation of synapse and neurotransmission genes in autism.
Deletion
Multiple recurrent de novo CNVs, including duplications of the 7q11.23 Williams syndrome region, are strongly associated with autism.
Deletion
A discovery resource of rare copy number variations in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
Deletion
Rare exonic deletions implicate the synaptic organizer Gephyrin (GPHN) in risk for autism, schizophrenia and seizures.
Deletion
Performance of case-control rare copy number variation annotation in classification of autism.
Deletion-Duplication
Cases
Cohort ID
Author, Year
Descripton
Cohort Size
Diagnosis
Age
Gender
CNV Size
Deletion
Duplication
Total CNV's
digregorio_17_DD/ID_discovery_cases
Consecutive cases examined in the Medical Genetics Unit at the "Citta della Salte e della Scienza" University Hospital (Turin, Italy) from 2008 to 2014 (cases with CNVs are present in DECIPHER database)
1015
Cases diagnosed with idiopathic developmental delay and/or intellectual disability (DD/ID)
N/A
N/A
219000
1
0
1
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases
Samples from the Autism Genome Project (AGP)
1892
Diagnosis of ASD based on Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)
N/A
85.78% Male
71879
3
1
4
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases
Discovery case samples derived from AGRE set 4 (most recent patient recruitment)
631
Idiopathic autism; cases designated as 'spectrum' and 'not quite autism' excluded, as were cases with known genetic syndromes or other non-idiopathic causes
108621
4
0
4
kaminsky_11_DD/ID/ASD_discovery_cases
Cases from the International Standards for Cytogenomic Arrays (ISCA) consortium
15749
Unexplained developmental delay, intellectual disability, dysmorphic features, multiple congenital anomalies, autism spectrum disorders, or clinical features suggestive of a chromosomal syndrome
NA
NA
1719536
1
0
1
lionel_13_SCZ_discovery_cases
Schizophrenia patients studied by the International Schizophrenia Consortium (previously described in Nature, 2008).
3391
Schizophrenia
NA
NA
26274
1
0
1
marshall_08_ASD_discovery_cases
Cohort of ASD families (237 simplex, 189 mulitplex) recruited from the Hospital for Sick Children, McMaster Univ., Memorial Univ., and other sites
427
ASD
1629441
0
1
1
pinto_10_ASD_discovery_cases
Autism Genome Project (AGP) consortium patient cohort from families with at least two ASD individuals
996
ASD (ADI-R and ADOS): strict, broad, or spectrum ASD
30974
1
0
1
prasad_12_ASD_discovery_cases
Unrelated ASD cases recruited from three Canadian sites (Hospital for Sick Children, McMaster University, and Memorial University of Newfoundland); the majority of cases had been previously genotyped with results published in Marshall et al., 2008 and Pinto et al., 2010. 20 cases from initial cohort of 696 were excluded from further analysis (due to CNVs > 5 Mb).
676
Diagnosis of ASD based on meeting criteria on ADI-R and/or ADOS
NA
82.84% Male
7911
1
0
1
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases
Autistic probands from the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC). 872 probands in quartet families, 272 probands in trios.
1124
ASD diagnosis: 89.5% autism; 8.5% PDD-NOS, 2% Asperger syndrome. Mean full-scale IQ 85.1 1.5 (mean verbal IQ, 81.9 1.7; mean non-verbal IQ, 88.4 1.4)
Mean, 9.1 yrs.
86.1% Male
30567
6
0
6
stamouli_18_ASD/NDD_discovery_cases
Affected individuals from 100 twin pairs (69 monozygotic, 31 dizygotic), corresponding to 97 families, that were enriched for neurodevelopmental disorders from the Roots of Autism and ADHD Study in Sweden (RATSS)
100 twin pairs
Diagnoses based on DSM-5 criteria following evaluation using standard diagnostic tools [a psychosocial and anamnestic interview, the Autism Diagnosis Interview-Revised (ADI-R), the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Second Edition (ADOS-2), the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS), or the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults (DIVA)]; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children or Adults, Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) or the Leiter-revised scales in combination with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Third Edition, and the parent-based Adaptive Behavior Assessment Scale, 2nd Edition (ABAS-2) were also used to evaluate adaptive, cognitive, and verbal abilities an
N/A
N/A
229006
1
0
1
Controls
Cohort ID
Author, Year
Descripton
Cohort Size
Diagnosis
Age
Gender
CNV Size
Deletion
Duplication
Total CNV's
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls
Platform-matched controls from three large studies: SAGE (Study of Addiction Genetics and Environment), Ontario Colorectal Cancer study, and HABC (Health Aging and Body Composition)
2342
Controls; subjects had no previous psychiatric history
N/A
46.67% Male
118653
5
0
5
kaminsky_11_DD/ID/ASD_discovery_controls
Controls from the International Standards for Cytogenomic Arrays (ISCA) consortium
10118
Controls
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
levy_11_ASD_discovery_controls
Unaffected siblings of autistic probands from 887 families from the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC)
863
Control
47.97% Male
349981
0
1
1
marshall_08_ASD_discovery_controls_1
German PopGen project and entries from Database of Genomic Variants
500
Controls
0
0
0
0
marshall_08_ASD_discovery_controls_2
Non-disease controls from Ontario population
1152
Controls
0
0
0
0
nord_11_ASD_discovery_controls
Samples from 367 total control individuals (319 European American, 48 African American) used to test for differences in rare CNV prevalence compared with autism cases
123
Controls (no history of psychiatric symptoms by self-report)
30 yrs.
29092
1
0
1
prasad_12_ASD_discovery_controls
PDx controls [1000 DNA samples from reportedly healthy donors (50.2% male) from BioServe (Beltsville, MD)] and 4139 in-house controls previously reported in Krawcak et al. 2006, Stewart et al. 2009, and Bierut et al. 2010. CNVs identified in controls were used to define rare ASD-specific CNVs.
5139
Control
NA
NA (PDx controls 50.2% male)
7911
0
0
0
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls
Matched siblings of autistic probands from the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC).
872
Controls
Mean, 10.0 yrs.
377486
6
2
8
stamouli_18_ASD/NDD_discovery_controls
Unaffected individuals from 100 twin pairs (69 monozygotic, 31 dizygotic), corresponding to 97 families, that were enriched for neurodevelopmental disorders from the Roots of Autism and ADHD Study in Sweden (RATSS)
100 twin pairs
Control (unaffected) individual following evaluation using standard diagnostic tools [a psychosocial and anamnestic interview, the Autism Diagnosis Interview-Revised (ADI-R), the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Second Edition (ADOS-2), the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS), or the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults (DIVA)]; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children or Adults, Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) or the Leiter-revised scales in combination with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Third Edition, and the parent-based Adaptive Behavior Assessment Scale, 2nd Edition (ABAS-2) were also used to evaluate adaptive, cognitive, and verbal abilities and
N/A
N/A
229006
1
0
1
Cases
Cohort ID
Geographical Ancestry
Discovery Method
Platform
Algorithm
Software
Validation Method
digregorio_17_DD/ID_discovery_cases
Italian
aCGH
Agilent 60K (SurePrint G3 Human CGH Microarray 8x60K)
ADM-2
Agilent CGH Analytics software ver. 4.0.81
None
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases
Caucasian
Solid phase hybridization
Illumina 1M
None
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases
European
Solid phase hybridization
Illumina Infinium II HumanHap550 BeadChip
BeadStudio 3.0
None
kaminsky_11_DD/ID/ASD_discovery_cases
NA
aCGH
Agilent 44K, Agilent 105K
Feature Extraction, DNA Analytics
FISH, qPCR, MLPA, aCGH, standard G-banded chromosome analysis
lionel_13_SCZ_discovery_cases
NA
Array SNP
Affymetrix 6.0
None
marshall_08_ASD_discovery_cases
90% European, 4.5% European-mixed, 4.5% Asian, 0.07% African
Array SNP, karotyping
Affymetrix 500K
dChip, CNAG, GEMCA
qPCR, qmPCR
pinto_10_ASD_discovery_cases
European
Solid phase hybridization
Illumina Infinium 1M SNP microarray
QuantiSNP, iPattern
qPCR, long-range PCR (LR-PCR), MLPA, FISH, aCGH (Agilent 1M), array SNP (Affymetrix 500K)
prasad_12_ASD_discovery_cases
Canada
aCGH
Agilent 1M
ADM-2, DNAcopy (R Bioconductor)
DNA Analytics v4.0.85 (Agilent), DNAcopy
None
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases
White non-Hispanic, 74.5%; mixed, 9.3%, Asian, 4.3%, White Hispanic, 4.0%, African-American, 3.8%; other, 4.2&
Solid phase hybridization
Illumina 1M v1, Illumina 1M v3
PennCNV, QuantiSNP, GNOSIS
stamouli_18_ASD/NDD_discovery_cases
Swedish
Solid phase hybridization
Illumina Infinium PsychArray-24 v1.1
PennCNV, QuantiSNP, iPattern, iPsychCNV
None
Controls
Cohort ID
Geographical Ancestry
Discovery Method
Platform
Algorithm
Software
Validation Method
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls
Caucasian
Solid phase hybridization
Illumina 1M
None
kaminsky_11_DD/ID/ASD_discovery_controls
NA
aCGH
Agilent 44K, Agilent 105K
Feature Extraction, DNA Analytics
levy_11_ASD_discovery_controls
aCGH
NimbleGen HD2
HMM
marshall_08_ASD_discovery_controls_1
European
Array SNP, karotyping
Affymetrix 500K
dChip, CNAG, GEMCA
marshall_08_ASD_discovery_controls_2
European
Array SNP, karotyping
Affymetrix 500K
dChip, CNAG, GEMCA
nord_11_ASD_discovery_controls
aCGH
NimbleGen HD2
Sliding-window algorithm, ~10 kb minumum size threshold
None
prasad_12_ASD_discovery_controls
NA
aCGH
Agilent 1M
ADM-2, DNAcopy (R Bioconductor)
DNA Analytics v4.0.85 (Agilent), DNAcopy
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls
Solid phase hybridization
Illumina 1M v1 or Illumina 1M v3
PennCNV, QuantiSNP, GNOSIS
stamouli_18_ASD/NDD_discovery_controls
Swedish
Solid phase hybridization
Illumina Infinium PsychArray-24 v1.1
PennCNV, QuantiSNP, iPattern, iPsychCNV
None
Cases
Patient ID
Author, Year
Age
Gender
Primary Diagnosis
Clinical Profile
Cognitive Profile
CNV Start
CNV End
CNV Size
Genome Build
Type Method
Validation
digregorio_17_DD/ID_discovery_cases-DECIPHER_296516
N/A
M
Cognitive impairment
Cognitive impairment
174020125
174239210
219086
GRCh38
Deletion
No
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases-case20041_1248001
N/A
N/A
ASD
Diagnosis of ASD based on Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)
172221443
172287040
65598
GRCh38
Duplication
No
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases-case4429_1
N/A
N/A
ASD
Diagnosis of ASD based on Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)
171292319
171322357
30039
GRCh38
Deletion
No
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases-case5135_3
N/A
N/A
ASD
Diagnosis of ASD based on Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)
171915788
171946761
30974
GRCh38
Deletion
No
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases-case6014_3
N/A
N/A
ASD
Diagnosis of ASD based on Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)
171627553
171699432
71880
GRCh38
Deletion
No
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases-AU1097301
Autism
175200788
175309408
108621
Unknown
Deletion
No
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases-AU1097302
Autism
175200788
175309408
108621
Unknown
Deletion
No
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases-AU1573301
Autism
172641670
172724194
82525
Unknown
Deletion
No
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases-AU1791303
Autism
173158832
173263440
104609
Unknown
Deletion
No
kaminsky_11_DD/ID/ASD_discovery_cases-ISCA00004715
NA
NA
Developmental delay/intellectual disability/ASD
Clinical profile NA
Cognitive profile NA
172101363
173820899
1719537
GRCh38
Deletion
Yes
lionel_13_SCZ_discovery_cases-proband6
26 yrs.
M
Schizophrenia
Proband recruited into International Schizophrenia Consortium (ISC) study at 26 years of age (previously reported in a Nature 2008 paper). Developmental milestones: normal early milestones. Behavioral/psychiatric evaluation: first onset of psychiatric symptoms started at age of 21 years with behavioral changes; examined by psychiatrist at age of 22 years after reportigng that he heard voices laughing at him and people looking at him; proband believed that he was being poisoned; subsequently treated with long-acting injectable antipsychotic medication for three years prior to recruitment into ISC study; proband remained in chronic condition, with similar delusions, anhedonia (loss of interest in pleasurbale activities), and severe lethargy. Family history: unaffected mother; maternal grandmother reported to have had schizophrenia (DNA not available for testing).
171915352
171941626
26275
GRCh38
Deletion
No
marshall_08_ASD_discovery_cases-SK0012-003
NA
M
ASD
NA
NA
172028735
173658175
1629441
GRCh38
Duplication
Yes
pinto_10_ASD_discovery_cases-case5135_3
NA
M
ASD
NA
NA
171915788
171946761
30974
GRCh38
Deletion
Yes
prasad_12_ASD_discovery_cases-case72934
NA
M
ASD
Diagnosis of ASD based on meeting criteria on ADI-R and/or ADOS. Novel CNV
175888780
175896690
7911
Unknown
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-11193.p1
7.5
M
Autism
NA
Full-scale IQ, 125; non-verbal IQ, 138; verbal IQ, 91
173634378
173664945
30568
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-11723.p1
6.9
M
ASD
NA
Full-scale IQ, 104; non-verbal IQ, 103; verbal IQ, 105
171588011
171595534
7524
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-11859.p1
4.5
M
Autism
NA
Full-scale IQ, 54; non-verbal IQ, 49; verbal IQ, 47
171226746
171227168
423
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-12117.p1
9.6
M
Autism
NA
Full-scale IQ, 68; non-verbal IQ, 76; verbal IQ, 56
171588512
171595534
7023
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-12240.p1
8.9
M
ASD
NA
Full-scale IQ, 91; non-verbal IQ, 86; verbal IQ, 104
171588736
171599593
10858
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-12339.p1
15.5
M
Autism
NA
Full-scale IQ, 43; non-verbal IQ, 63; verbal IQ, 33
171915788
171937461
21674
GRCh38
Deletion
No
stamouli_18_ASD/NDD_discovery_cases-family1_Twin_1
N/A
N/A
ASD/NDD
Case is from a monozygotic twin pair from the Discordant ASD/Discordant NDD diagnostic group
171407607
171636612
229006
GRCh38
Deletion
No
Controls
Patient ID
Author, Year
Age
Gender
Primary Diagnosis
Clinical Profile
Cognitive Profile
CNV Start
CNV End
CNV Size
Genome Build
Type Method
Validation
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-control110036011559_r
N/A
N/A
Control
No previous psychiatric history
171285664
171322357
36694
GRCh38
Deletion
No
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-control110036014728_
N/A
N/A
Control
No previous psychiatric history
171458718
171577371
118654
GRCh38
Deletion
No
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-controlB444410_1007852611
N/A
N/A
Control
No previous psychiatric history
171292319
171322357
30039
GRCh38
Deletion
No
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-controlHABC_902591_902591
N/A
N/A
Control
No previous psychiatric history
171482425
171575775
93351
GRCh38
Deletion
No
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-controlHABC_902646_902646
N/A
N/A
Control
No previous psychiatric history
173485591
173562970
77380
GRCh38
Deletion
No
levy_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11948.s1
NA
M
Control
NA
NA
172808438
173158418
349981
GRCh38
Duplication
No
nord_11_ASD_discovery_controls-04C26931
Control
173069990
173099081
29092
Unknown
Deletion
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11193.s1
4.8
F
Control (matched sibling)
NA
NA
173634378
173664945
30568
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11491.s1
8.7
M
Control (matched sibling)
NA
NA
171627553
171699432
71880
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11712.s1
8.6
F
Control (matched sibling)
NA
NA
173308611
173330271
21661
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11948.s1
11.8
M
Control (matched sibling)
NA
NA
172818093
173154875
336783
GRCh38
Duplication
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-12096.s1
9.7
M
Control (matched sibling)
NA
NA
171603374
171980860
377487
GRCh38
Duplication
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-12117.s1
12
F
Control (matched sibling)
NA
NA
175361459
175411389
49931
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-12227.s1
10.3
M
Control (matched sibling)
NA
NA
171385904
171442863
56960
GRCh38
Deletion
No
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-12339.s1
12.9
F
Control (matched sibling)
NA
NA
171915788
171937461
21674
GRCh38
Deletion
No
stamouli_18_ASD/NDD_discovery_controls-family1_Twin_2
N/A
N/A
Control
Control is from a monozygotic twin pair from the Discordant ASD/Discordant NDD diagnostic subgroup
171407607
171636612
229006
GRCh38
Deletion
No
Cases
Patient ID
Validation Description
Primary Disorder Inheritence
Inheritence
Family Profile
Disease Segregation
Gene Content
Altered Gene Expression
digregorio_17_DD/ID_discovery_cases-DECIPHER_296516
De novo
FBXO8,LINC02268
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases-case20041_1248001
Unknown
GALNTL6
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases-case4429_1
Unknown
LINC02504
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases-case5135_3
Unknown
GALNTL6
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_cases-case6014_3
Unknown
LINC02174
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases-AU1097301
Inherited
0 genes
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases-AU1097302
Inherited
0 genes
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases-AU1573301
Inherited
0 genes
gai_11_ASD_discovery_cases-AU1791303
Inherited
GALNTL6 (intronic)
kaminsky_11_DD/ID/ASD_discovery_cases-ISCA00004715
FISH, qPCR, MLPA, aCGH, or standard G-banded chromosome analysis
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
RN7SL253P,MIR548T,HMGB2,RPL5P11,RNU6-1096P,HAND2,MORF4,RANP6,SAP30,SCRG1,GALNT7,HAND2-AS1,GALNTL6
lionel_13_SCZ_discovery_cases-proband6
Unknown
Simplex
Unknown
GALNTL6
marshall_08_ASD_discovery_cases-SK0012-003
qPCR, qmPCR
Unknown
NA
NA
RN7SL253P,MIR548T,HMGB2,RPL5P11,RNU6-1096P,HAND2,MORF4,RANP6,SAP30,SCRG1,GALNT7,HAND2-AS1,GALNTL6
pinto_10_ASD_discovery_cases-case5135_3
Agilent1M
paternal
NA
NA
GALNTL6
prasad_12_ASD_discovery_cases-case72934
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
GLRA3
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-11193.p1
Maternal
Simplex (quad-proband matched)
Not segregated
HAND2-AS1
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-11723.p1
Unknown
Simplex (quad-proband matched)
Not segregated
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-11859.p1
Maternal
Simplex (trio)
NA
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-12117.p1
Unknown
Simplex (quad-proband matched)
Not segregated
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-12240.p1
Unknown
Simplex (quad-proband matched)
Not segregated
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_cases-12339.p1
Paternal
Simplex (quad-proband matched)
Not segregated
GALNTL6
stamouli_18_ASD/NDD_discovery_cases-family1_Twin_1
Unknown
Simplex
Not segregated (CNV also present in unaffected twin)
LINC02174
Controls
Patient ID
Validation Description
Primary Disorder Inheritence
Inheritence
Family Profile
Disease Segregation
Gene Content
Altered Gene Expression
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-control110036011559_r
Unknown
LINC02504
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-control110036014728_
Unknown
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-controlB444410_1007852611
Unknown
LINC02504
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-controlHABC_902591_902591
Unknown
engchuan_15_ASD_discovery_controls-controlHABC_902646_902646
Unknown
HAND2,HAND2-AS1
levy_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11948.s1
Paternal
Simplex
NA
RN7SL253P,GALNTL6
nord_11_ASD_discovery_controls-04C26931
GALNTL6
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11193.s1
Maternal
Simplex (quad)
NA
HAND2-AS1
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11491.s1
Maternal
Simplex (quad)
NA
LINC02174
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11712.s1
Unknown
Simplex (quad)
NA
GALNT7
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-11948.s1
Paternal
Simplex (quad)
NA
RN7SL253P,GALNTL6
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-12096.s1
Maternal
Simplex (quad)
NA
LINC02174,GALNTL6
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-12117.s1
Unknown
Simplex (quad)
NA
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-12227.s1
Paternal
Simplex (quad)
NA
sanders_11_ASD_discovery_controls-12339.s1
Paternal
Simplex (quad)
NA
GALNTL6
stamouli_18_ASD/NDD_discovery_controls-family1_Twin_2
Unknown
Simplex
LINC02174
No Animal Model Data Available