Phenotype Definition Reference - Motor phenotype
 
Pheno Term
(PhenoID)
Pheno Definition Experimental Paradigm
Ataxia
(AM1000000)
Inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements General observations; Footprint analysis; Accelerating rotarod test; Dowel walk test; Open field test
Negative geotaxis
(AM1000001)
Reflex in rodents to orient themselves and move away from the force of gravity, tested on a downward or a slanting grid Negative geotaxis test; Wire hang test; General observations; Neurological exam battery
Clasping reflex
(AM1000002)
Clasping of front or hind feet upon being lifted by tail, it is a dystonic posture and is a pathological a reflex that indicates lesions of cerbellum, basal ganglia or neocortex Tail suspension test; General observations
Climbing
(AM1000003)
Behavior of ascending an object, typically a wall Climbing assay; Open field test; Morris water maze test; Home cage behavior; General observations
Motor learning
(AM1000004)
Any process in which an organism acquires a novel neuromuscular action or movement as the result of experience.  Accelerating rotarod test
Gait
(AM1000007)
Stride length, paw placement, average speed and posture during walking Footprint analysis; General observations; Gait; Running stride analysis; Pivoting test; Dowel walk test; Homing test
General locomotor activity
(AM1000008)
Free horizontal and vertical movements, including walking, rearing and grooming, usually measured in a controlled chamber using infrared sensors or beam crossing Open field test; Novel cage test; Elevated plus maze test; General observations; Home cage behavior; Three-chamber social approach test; Reciprocal social interaction test; Running wheel test; Beam crossing; Compartment transitions in three-chambered apparatus; Light-dark exploration test; Novel object recognition test; Conditioned place preference test; Distance traveled in a grid; Observation of repetitive behavior; Shoaling assay; Accelerating rotarod test; Morris water maze test; Disc assay; Object-place recognition test; Wheel running monitoring; Ambulation recordings; Free walking; Wire hang test; Y-maze test; Novel tank diving test
General locomotor activity: ambulatory activity
(AM1000009)
Walking behavior, generally measured by distance traveled or by beam breaks or activation of more than one sensor in an activity monitor cage Open field test; Home cage behavior; General observations; Elevated plus maze test; Elevated zero maze test; Light-dark exploration test; Three-chamber social approach test; Barnes maze test; Social recognition test; Larval foraging assay; Operant conditioning paradigm; Modified open field test with novel object; Novel object recognition test; Compartment transitions in three-chambered apparatus
Grasping reflex
(AM1000010)
Ability of pups to grasp a bar or wire with forelimbs Neurological exam battery; Horizontal bar test
Grip strength
(AM1000011)
Ability to grasp and hold objects, usually measured as time spent hanging from an object or wire Grip strength test; Wire hang test; Inverted grid test; General observations; Vertical pole test; Neurological exam battery; Ledge test; Accelerating rotarod test; Traction test
Hunched posture
(AM1000013)
Posture with body stooped low, the limbs pulled in close to the body and arched back General observations
Hyperactivity
(AM1000014)
General restlessness or excessive movement, or more frequent movement from one place to another, it is a considered a standard response to novel stimulus, including a new environment and is part of non-associative learning Open field test; Three-chamber social approach test; Novel cage test; Spontaneous movement analysis; Beam crossing; Elevated plus maze test; Home cage behavior; Resident-intruder test; Infrared light beam crossing; Running wheel test; Modified open field test with novel object
Hyperactivity: home cage/familiar environment
(AM1000015)
Increased restlessness or excessive movement in a familiar environment, considered to be reduced non-associative learning Home cage behavior; Y-maze test
Hypoactivity
(AM1000016)
Reduced movements and activity, similar to a sedative state caused by drug or change in emotional status Elevated plus maze test; General observations; Open field test
Jerky movement
(AM1000018)
Continuous, abrupt, faltering motions of the whole body or a portion of the body General observations; Tail suspension test; Observation of repetitive behavior
Limb posture
(AM1000020)
Position of the limbs or carriage of the body General observations; Tail suspension test
Motor coordination and balance
(AM1000021)
Ability to execute integrated movements of muscle Accelerating rotarod test; Balance beam test; Wire hang test; Dowel walk test; General observations; Marble-burying test; Footslip test; Fixed bar test; Vertical pole test; Parallel bar test; Traction test; Motion-induced landing; Footprint analysis; Erasmus ladder test; Cylinder test; Horizontal bar test; Horizontal ladder test; Open field test
Motor strength and endurance
(AM1000022)
A summarized measurement for body muscle strength and endurance, including observations for hypotonia Dowel walk test; Neurological exam battery; Progressive treadmill test; Vertical pole test; Accelerating rotarod test; Wire hang test
Paw preference
(AM1000024)
Behavioral inclination to use either the right or left paw in a task Dynamic weight bearing; Catwalk; Paw preference test
Postural reflex
(AM1000026)
Responses that control the normal position of the trunk and extremities or posture General observations; Righting reflex test; Tail suspension test; Upright balance test
Righting response
(AM1000027)
Ability to recover from supine position to prone position Righting reflex test; General observations; Negative geotaxis test; Neurological exam battery; Cliff avoidance test
Spinal reflex
(AM1000029)
Reflexive action mediated by cells of the spinal cord, or the involuntary movement reaction caused by the application of a stimulus to an organism Knee joint reflex test; General observations
Spontaneous and reflexive eye movements
(AM1000030)
Spontaneous eye movements and reflexive movements like blinking, in response to stimulation in or around the eye area e.g., corneal reflex; maybe associated with some cerebellar, spinal cord or medullar dysfunction Eye movement recording; Corneal reflex test
Spontaneous movement
(AM1000031)
Spontaneous change in position or posture, without external stimulus Spontaneous movement analysis; Open field test; Home cage behavior; General observations
Swimming ability
(AM1000032)
Ability to swim well, often determined by swimming speed Morris water maze test; Swim test; General observations; Forced swim test; Water Y-maze; Shoaling assay; Stereology
Tremor
(AM1000033)
Involuntary or uncontrollable muscle movement General observations; Tremor activity measurements; Electromyogram (EMG)
Walking backwards
(AM1000035)
Locomotor activity in the posterior direction General observations
General locomotor activity: larval locomotor behavior
(AM1000037)
Crawling behavior of fly larva General observations; Sleep analysis
Swimming ability: spontaneous coiling
(AM1000038)
Spontaneous coiling occurs at approximately 17 hpf and is the first stage of swimming locomotor development characterized by spontaneous alternating lateral trunk flexion with no body displacement. General observations
Swimming ability: evoked coiling
(AM1000039)
Evoked coiling appears approximately at 21 hpf and is the second locomotor stage in zebrafish characerized by sensory driven movement in which manual stimulation of the embryo elicits alternating lateral trunk flexion with no displacement. General observations
Swimming ability: burst swimming
(AM1000040)
The third stage of locomotor development, known as burst swimming, begins at approximately 27 hpf. Larvae lie on their side at the bottom of the petridish and show little volitional movement. When larvae are touched, they will rapidly swim to the opposite side of the petri dish and lie once again on their side. General observations
Swimming ability: beat swimming
(AM1000041)
Beat swimming is a characteristic of the final stage of locomotory development (spontaneous swimming activity) in zebrafish and is characterized by coordinated volitional movement after inflation of the swim bladder. At this stage, both speed and direction of movement can be controlled. General observations
Swimming ability: glide swimming
(AM1000042)
Glide swimming is a characteristic of the final stage of locomotory development (spontaneous swimming activity) in zebrafish and is characterized by coordinated volitional movement after inflation of the swim bladder. At this stage, both speed and direction of movement can be controlled. General observations
General locomotor activity: flight
(AM1000043)
  Flight performance test
Ataxia: turn angle
(AM1000044)
The angle at which larvae make turns during movement Video Recordings
Motor coordination and balance: fine motor skills
(AM1000045)
Fine motor skill or dexterity is the coordination of small muscles in movements, usually involving the synchronisation of the musculoskeletal and sensory system.  
Rearing behavior
(AM1600009)
Ability or desire to stand vertically on hind limbs or social behavior Object-place recognition test; Three-chamber social approach test; Home cage behavior; Observation of repetitive behavior; Reciprocal social interaction test; Open field test; Resident-intruder test; Ambulation recordings; Barnes maze test; Elevated plus maze test; General observations; Novel cage test